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Glossary of P-16 Terminology
Directions:
K-12 Education Acronyms
Basic College Application Terminology Early Action: Similar to Early Decision in timing but non-binding. If accepted, students do not have to enroll and may take until May 1 to decide. Primarily an option offered by Ivy League schools, Early Action is fading in popularity due to the move by colleges to seek an enrollment commitment from their applicants. Acceptance percentage is higher than that of regular-decision pool. Early Decision: Option that allows early application (usually in November) to students’ first-choice college. Students pledge to attend if accepted. Common and Electronic Applications: Simplified approaches to college applications. Accepted by a certain group of colleges and universities, the Common Application requires students to fill out one common form, generally sent first to a central “broker” and then to other candidate institutions whose requirements are aligned and will accept the student. Students can use the Electronic Application to apply over the Internet. Personal Statement: Also known as the Application Essay. Usually required by schools that are competitive/selective. Used by admissions committees to learn more about their applicants. Basic Financial Aid Terminology Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA): Form that determines eligibility for federal financial aid. Must be submitted every year that financial aid is required. Grants: Money typically given to a college or university by the state and/or federal government; the college then awards funds to eligible students who attend that school. Does not have to be repaid. Loans: Money borrowed from government or private institutions to assist in the funding of educational expenses. Must be repaid. Scholarships: Money awarded to students who are chosen as recipients based on certain accomplishments or characteristics, skills, and/or abilities. Awarded for a variety of reasons including academic merit, athletic talent, community service, and participation in extracurricular activities. May have stipulations upon receipt (maintenance of grade point average), but typically does not have to be repaid. Work Study: Federal program that provides on- and off-campus employment for eligible undergraduate and graduate students through local school districts, private or non-profit organizations, and local, state, or federal agencies to pay for educational expenses. General P-16 Assessment Terminology Data-Driven Decision Making: Process of making decisions about curriculum and instruction based on the analysis of classroom and standardized test data. Norm-Referenced Assessment: Assessment designed to discover how an individual student's performance or test result compares to that of an appropriate peer group. Rubrics: Specific criteria or guidelines used to evaluate student work. Standardized Tests: Assessments administered and scored in exactly the same way for all students. Traditional standardized tests are designed to measure skills and knowledge that are expected to be taught to all students. Standards: Statements developed by departments of educations, school districts, and schools of what students should know and be able to demonstrate.
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